Question: Which would be the most appropriate needle to use when giving a 10 cc subcutaneous injection of a medication to a 1000# steer, knowing the medication was not unusually thick?

1½", 14 gauge

½", 14 gauge

3/4", 16 gauge

½", 20 gauge

Question: Improper handling of animals shortly before slaughter can result in meat that is:

bruised.

pale, soft and exudative.

unusually dark.

all of the above.

none of the above.

Question: Which of the following would probably NOT be found on a feed label (medicated or non-medicated)?

list of ingredients

percent crude protein

percent of water in the feed

directions for feeding

Question: Some feeds may start to decrease in nutritional value after being stored for how long?

2 weeks

2 months

6 months

1 year

Question: Which of the following is an example of extra-label drug use?

Your pig is diagnosed with pneumonia and you treat it with an over the counter medication approved for pneumonia.

You use a drug approved only for steers on your pig without first consulting your veterinarian.

The label says to "treat once daily" and your vet tells you to treat the pig at 6 am, noon and 6 pm.

The label says to treat twice daily and you treat it once at 8 am and once at 6 pm.

Question: When sorting animals in a barn or pen, it's important to:

Wave your arms as much as possible

Yell and whistle at the pigs

Remain calm, quiet and patient

Get as many people in the pen as possible

Question: Even if cleaned and sterilized between uses, changing needles often is important because:

Needles that are used too often may not deliver the correct amount of medication, because some leaks out.

Needles become dull with use and dull needles are more likely to cause tissue damage than sharp needles.

Frequent cleaning and sterilization of needles will make the entire needle surface rougher, which will cause more tissue damage.

Question: In comparing a 14 gauge and a 18 gauge needle, which of the following is a true statement?

An 18 gauge has a smaller diameter than a 14 gauge.

An 18 gauge is less likely to cause tissue damage and/or abscesses.

A 14 gauge has a smaller diameter than an 18 gauge.

Both a and b.

Question: Extra label drug use is when labeled drugs are not available to provide the appropriate care and you choose to use a drug in a way other than specified on the label.

True

False

Question: Who is responsible for food safety?

Packing plants

Consumers

Livestock producers

Grocery stores

All of the above

Question: In a sample done 1991, over ______ of all carcasses had injection site blemishes in the top sirloin area. Today, less than 4% of top sirloins show injections site blemishes.

10%

20%

30%

50%

Question: Which of the following would probably NOT be found on a feed label (medicated or non-medicated)?

list of ingredients

percent crude protein

percent of water in the feed

directions for feeding

Question: Which type of injection is more likely to cause an abscess in the muscle tissue?

intramuscular

intravenous

subcutaneous

Question: Withdrawal time is:

the number of days from when a medication is last given to when an animal can be slaughtered without any unacceptable medication residue left in the muscle tissue.

the number of days from when a medication is last given to a dairy cow until when the milk can be safely used for food without a chance of having an unacceptable drug residue.

the amount of time required for a medication to be metabolized, or broken down by the animal's body, so that no or only acceptable levels of the drug remain.

all of the above.

Question: Giving a medication to an animal that the drug is NOT labeled for

is illegal

may increase withdrawal times

may cause the animal to become sicker or even die

all of the above

Question: The primary reason that needles get bent when giving injections is:

improper restraint of the animal

using dull or poor quality needles

using improper route of administration

Question: Common implants (such as Synovex, Revalor, etc) have no withdrawal time.

true

false

Question: Improper use of implants, such as exceeding recommended doses, may result in side effects such as bullers, vaginal prolapses and dark cutters.

true

false

Question: Which of the following is a natural tendency or instinct of cattle that should be considered when handling cattle?

tendency to circle

they do not like to be separated from herd mates

tendency to "follow the leader"

all of the above

Question: Cattle have a tendency to move from dark areas to lighter areas, provided the light is not glaring, so a spotlight directed onto a loading ramp may facilitate moving the cattle.

true

false

Question: Controlling mud is an important part of quality cattle management because

excess mud decreases feed efficiency

mud decreases hide value

mud increases the cost of processing at the packing plant

all of the above

Question: If the calculated does of an injectable medication is 24 cc, how should the injection be given?

all 24 cc in one site

two 12 cc doses on opposite sides of the neck

three, 8 cc doses all in different places of the neck

Question: In most cases, animals that are unable to walk should be humanely euthanized (killed without causing pain) on the farm and not sent to market.

true

false

Question: Which of the following is NOT considered when government agencies determine if a drug should be OTC (over the counter) or prescription?

margin of safety to the animal

price

effects of an accidental overdose

safety to the administrator of the drug

Question: Which of the following would NOT be part of a herd health management plan?

vaccinating your animals to prevent disease

working with other family members so everyone understands proper quality assurance principles

"holding" your market animals at a certain weight by restricting feed and water

treating animals for parasites

Question: Giving a medication to an animal that the drug is NOT labeled for

is illegal

may increase withdrawal times

may cause the animal to become sicker or even die

all of the above

Question: According to FDA regulations, there are some drugs that are not be used in meat animal production under any circumstances. Which of the following drugs is specifically banned by the FDA for use in meat animal production, even though they may be available and labeled for use in other animals?

Sulfa drugs, such as sulfamethazine and sulfathiazole

Ivermectin

Chlortetracycline

Clenbuterol

Question: The USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service requires Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems in which part(s) of the food production system

All Farms

Farms producing over 1,000 head of hogs/year

Packing Plants

Grocery Stores

Question: The amount of time required for a medication to be metabolized, or broken down by the animal's body, so that no or only acceptable levels of the drug remain, is known as _________.

Tolerance level

Residue level

Withdrawal time

Question: Soap or disinfectant left in a syringe after cleaning could inactivate certain types of vaccines known as modified live virus (MLV) vaccines.

True

False

Question: According to FDA regulations, there are some drugs that are not be used in meat animal production under any circumstances. Which of the following drugs is specifically banned by the FDA for use in meat animal production, even though they may be available and labeled for use in other animals?

Sulfa drugs, such as sulfamethazine and sulfathiazole

Ivermectin

Chlortetracycline

Clenbuterol

Question: The ______ should be considered when selecting needle size.

Pig's size

Type of medication to be injected

Injection site

Restraint method

All of the above

Question: Which is the correct needle gauge and length for an IM injection in a mature sow?

Gauge 18 or 20, Length ½"

Gauge 18 or 20, Length 1"

Gauge 16, Length ½" or 3/4"

Gauge 14 to 16, Length 1" or 1-1/2"

Question: Standard operating procedures or guidelines should be written for needle usage, so that everyone working with animals will know how to deal with problems such as a needle breaking off in an animal. Which of the following should also be addressed in the operating procedures?

How often to change needles.

What to do with needles that have been dropped.

Selecting the proper size and length of needle for the pigs age, the injection site and the product to be injected.

All of the above.

Question: Which of the following objects should not be used to move swine as they can cause unnecessary pain and injury and could damage the meat:

Rattlers/shakers

Buzzers

Panels

None should be used

Question: Proper alley width by today's standards is?

3 feet

6 ½ feet

8 feet

There is no standard

Question: Ramps that are ______ the trailer are best for loading pigs.

Slightly higher than

Slightly lower than

Level with

Question: The National Pork Board has developed "Judicious Use Guidelines" for the use of antimicrobials for treatment and control of diseases. Judicious use is important because of consumer concern about the antibiotic resistance issue which centers on the following theory: "Antibiotics used in meat production cause bacteria to develop resistance to that antibiotic, with potential for resistant bacteria to be transferred to people through food."

True

False

Question: Mixing feed in a sequence is one way to help ensure antimicrobials won't accidentally contaminate finishing feeds. Which sequence would provide the most protection against a unacceptable drug contaminating a finisher feed?

lactation - gestation - nursery - grower - finisher

nursery - lactation - gestation - grower - finisher

nursery - grower - finisher - lactation - gestation

Question: Which type of injection is more likely to cause an abscess in the muscle tissue?

intramuscular

intravenous

subcutaneous

Question: Which of the following would probably NOT be found on a feed label (medicated or non-medicated)?

list of ingredients

percent crude protein

percent of water in the feed

directions for feeding

Question: In comparing a 14 gauge and a 18 gauge needle, which is true?

An 18 gauge has a smaller diameter than a 14 gauge.

An 18 gauge is less likely to cause tissue damage and/or abscesses.

A 14 gauge has a smaller diameter than an 18 gauge.

Both a and b.

Question: Abscesses in muscle tissue are cut out of the carcass and thrown away; however, the surrounding meat may still be less tender than it would have been if the abscess had never been there.

true

false

Question: Which of the following animals would be most likely to have a drug residue?

A dairy cow with mastitis that has not been treated.

A steer that has received an extra-label drug treatment.

A market hog fed Paylean®, a feed additive with 0 days withdrawal.