Bennett, C. (1975). Up the hierarchy. Journal of Extension 13(2), pp. 7-12.

Bennett, C. (1979). Analyzing impacts of extension programs. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Science & Education Administration (ESC-57).

Bennett, C. (1982). Reflective appraisal of programs (RAP): An approach to studying clientele perceived results of Cooperative Extension Programs. Ithaca, NY: Media Services, Cornell University. Available: http://www.aces.uiuc.edu/%7EPPA/Rap.htm

Bennett, C. (1992). Cooperative Extension roles and relationships for a new era: Meeting public and user needs through the generation and adoption of practices and technologies-an interdependence model and implications. Washington, D.C.: Extension Service, USDA.

Bennett, C. (1993, Summer). A new interdependence model. Journal of Extension [Online], 8 paragraphs. Available: http://www.joe.org/joe/1993summer/a8.html

Bennett, C. F. (1996). Rationale for public funding of agricultural extension programs. Journal of Agricultural & Food Information, 3(4). pp. 3-25. Summary [Online]. 22 paragraphs. Available: http://www-esd.worldbank.org/extension/key/claude.shtm

Bennett, C. & Rockwell, K. (1995, December). Targeting outcomes of programs (TOP): An integrated approach to planning and evaluation. Unpublished manuscript. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska.

Bernstein, D. J. (1999). Comments on Perrin's "Effective use and misuse of performance measurement." American Journal of Evaluation, 20: 85-94.

Butler, L. M. & Howell, R. E. (1980). Coping with growth: Community needs assessment techniques. Western Rural Development Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.

Congress of the United States. (1993). Government performance and results act of 1993 (P.L. 103-62). Washington, D.C.: One Hundred and Third Congress of the United States. [Online]. Available: http://www.reeusda.gov/part/gpra/gprahome.htm (path: other information; GPRA Law)

General Accounting Office. (1998). Performance measurement and evaluation: Definitions and relationships (GAO/GGD publication No. 98-26). Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office.

Hogue, T. (1993). Community based collaboration: Community wellness multiplied [Online]. Available: http://crs.uvm.edu/nnco/collab/wellness.html

Huxham, C. (1996). Collaboration and collaborative advantage. In C. Huxham (Ed.), Creating collaborative advantage. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Huxham, C. (1993). Pursuing collaborative advantage, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 44 (6): 599-611.

Johnson, D. E., Meiller, L. R., Miller, L. C., & Summers, G. F. (Eds.). (1987). Needs assessment: Theory and methods. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.

Kirkpatrick, D. L. (1967). Evaluation of training. In R. L. Craig and L. R. Bittel (Eds.) Training and development handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Kirkpatrick, D. L. (1987). Evaluation. In R. L. Craig (Ed.), Training and development handbook. (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Krueger, R. A. (1994). Focus Groups: A practical guide for applied research. (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Marshall, M. G. & Bennett, C. F. (1998). National extension targeted water quality program, 1992-1995. Vol. 2, p. 6; Vol. 3, p. 6; Vol. 4, p. 6. State College, TX: Texas A&M University cooperating with Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES), USDA.

Mayeske, G. (1994). Life cycle program management and evaluation: A heuristic approach. Washington, D.C.: Planning, Development, and Evaluation - - Extension Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.

McKillip, J. (1987). Need analysis: Tools for the human services and education. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Morgan, D. L. & Krueger, R. A. (1998). The focus group kit. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage.

Parslow, T. (Committee Chair for the report). (1995). A guide for writing your program plans and reports: 1996-99. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin, Cooperative Extension.

Perrin, B. (1998). Effective use and misuse of performance measurement. American Journal of Evaluation, 19: 367-379.

Rockwell, S. K. & Kohn, H. (1989, Summer). Post-then-pre evaluation. Journal of Extension, pp. 19-21. [Online]. Available: http://www.joe.org/joe/1989summer/ent.html#a5. (To print this article, print through Print Preview and select the pages you want to print.)

Röling, N. (1986). Flexibility versus targets in setting objectives. In Jones, G. E. (Ed.). Investing in Rural Extension: Strategies and Goals. London: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers.

Salant, P. & Dillman, D. A. (1994). How to conduct your own survey. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

State of Oregon. (1994). The Oregon option: A proposed model for results-driven intergovernmental service delivery. Portland, OR: Oregon Progress Board.

Steelquist, R. (1993). Evaluation - - Right from the start. Port Angeles, WA: Olympia Coast National Marine Sanctuary, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Stevens, G. L. (1990). A process for building coalitions. (NebGuide No. G90-988). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska, Cooperative Extension.

Suchman, E. A. (1967). Evaluation research. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Summers, G. F. (1987). Democratic governance. In D. E. Johnson, L. R. Meiller, L.C. Miller, & G. F. Summers, (Eds.). Needs assessment: Theory and methods. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.

Taylor-Powell, E., Rossing, B. & Geran, J. (1998). Evaluating collaboratives: Reaching the potential. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin-Extension.

United Way of America. (1996). Measuring program outcomes: A practical approach. 701 North Fairfax Street, Alexandria, Virginia: Author. NOTE: Useful excerpts and ordering information available online at http://www.unitedway.org/outcomes/ (path: Online Resources Library; Program Outcome Measurement Resources)

Witkin, B. R., & Altschuld, J. W. (1995). Planning and conducting needs assessments: A practical guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Additional References that Use the Hierarchy and/or TOP

Andrews, Elaine, Elva Farrell, Joe Heimlich, Richard Ponzio, and Kelly J. Warrem (1995). Educating Young People About Water: A Guide to Program Planning and Evaluation. Columbus, Ohio: ERIC Clearning House for Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education, The Ohio State University.

Neely, C., M. Buenavista, and J. Earl (1999). Looking Back on the Landscape: Impacts and Lessons from the SANREM CRSP. Watkinsville, Georgia: Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Cooperative Research Support Program, Office of International Agriculture, The University of Georgia.

Ricker, Karen T., Larry C. Brown, Christy Leeds, Robert P. Leeds, Elysabeth B. Bouton, and Cara E. Volgstadt (1998). Water Quality Evaluation: A Handbook for Objective-Based Evaluation of Water Quality Projects. Columbus, Ohio: Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University.

Spiegel, Marilyn R. and Christy Leeds (1992). The Answers to Evaluation: A Workbook for Conducting Program Evaluation by County and State Extension Staff, by Barbara Froke. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio Cooperative Extension Service, The Ohio State University.